Difference between revisions of "Seventy"

Revision as of 16:51, 19 April 2008

Seventy is an office in the Melchizedek priesthood, and seventies have responsibilities as especial witnesses of Christ in all the world. Members of the Quorums of the Seventy of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints serve in one of eight quorums, with members of the First and Second Quorums of the Seventy being designated as General Authorities. Members of the Third through the Eighth Quorums of the Seventy are designated Area Seventies.

History

In 1835 seven men were called as members of the Presidency of the Seventy. They were General Authorities to the Church.

In the early days of the restored church, General Authorities were called to be Seventies who had no leadership experience in bishoprics, high councils, or stake presidencies, since High Priests had to fill those offices. Some were mission presidents and district presidents, which are callings that can be held by Elders. Seventies who never were high priests could not ordain stake presidents or other high priests. Brigham Young was aware of this problem and tried to change it before he died. There is evidence John Taylor did, also.

Seventies in the early days of the restored church primarily presided over stake seventies quorums, which were in turn guided by stake seventy quorum presidents. They also accompanied apostles to stake conferences and trained and taught gospel principles.

In 1960 David O. McKay announced that members of the seventies quorum would be high priests. Someone asked if it were contrary to the order of the heaven for seventies to be high priests. Harold B. Lee said what was contrary to the order in heaven in 1840 may not be contrary in 1960. That change was made in order for them to ordain stake leaders and high priests.

Still, only men from stake seventies quorums were called to the seventy and occasionally elders were. In 1975 President Spencer W. Kimball announced the creation of the First Quorum of the Seventy with 4 additional members. Since 1941, Assistants to the Twelve, who aided the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, were high priests. The next year President Kimball said Assistants to the Twelve would be members of the First Quorum of the Seventy, since their duties were very similar. In 1978 some were given emeritus status in order for more brethren to serve and for health reasons.

In 1984 several members of the quorum were called for a period of years (usually 3 to 5) rather than for life. In 1989 a Second Quorum of the Seventy was created of those called for a period of years. They are presided over now by the Presidency of the Seventy whose membership rotates, as it is not a lifelong calling. In fact, many return to the first Quorum of the Seventy.

For many years Regional Representatives assisted General Authorities in training and conducting stake meetings. In 1995 they were released and replaced with area authorities; two years later, President Hinckley named them "area authority seventies" and installed them in quorums based on geography. They still keep their employment, live at home and serve for a period of years (usually five).

The stake seventy's office between Elder and High Priest was discontinued by President Ezra Taft Benson in 1986.

Individual Quorums

Members of the First Quorum now typically serve until the year they turn 70, though recently there has been flexibility, and many serve a few years beyond their 70th birthday. Many emeritus Seventies become temple presidents, also.

Members of the Second Quorum of the Seventy serve an average of 5 or 6 years and even longer. The number of Quorums of Seventy can expand as needed, easing the work of the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Increasing the numbers of quorums of seventy has created a seamless way to manage a quickly burgeoning church membership.

First Quorum of the Seventy

Second Quorum of the Seventy

Source: Deseret Morning News 2008 Church Almanac, 42-59 and Deseret Morning News, "Brief biographies of new leaders called to LDS Church hierarchy", Saturday, April 5, 2008

Other References

• "Area Authority Seventies: 'To Bear Record of My Name in All the World'" (lds.org)